Why do ground-floor rooms take street flood water first?
Ground-floor rooms sit at the lowest level of the building, so water from the street reaches them before anything above. Front doors, garage openings and low vents let water in at the level of the road. Once inside, the water spreads across the floor and climbs the lowest part of the walls.
A ground-floor room that is level with the street can take water from the street in a short time. The water does not need to be deep to cause trouble. A few inches across a floor is enough to wet the carpet pad, the baseboards and the bottom of the drywall, and the moisture is harder to see than the water itself.
Upper floors stay dry in most street floods, which is why the damage is often confined to one level. The crew checks the stairs and the first step above the water line anyway, because water can run up a stair runner or into a bottom landing even when the room above is untouched.
What does the silt line on the wall tell the crew?
The silt line marks the highest point the water reached, and it is the best guide to where the moisture went. The crew reads the wall above and below the line, because wicking moisture can go above the visible mark. Opening the wall at the line shows how far the water traveled into the cavity.
A silt line is left behind when the water drops and the sediment dries on the wall. It is usually a gray or brown band at the same height in every room the water reached. The crew measures it, photographs it and notes its height, because that measurement is part of the record of the loss.
Moisture can wick above the silt line into drywall and insulation. The readings are taken above the mark as well as at it. Where the reading is high above the line, the crew opens the wall to see whether the insulation is wet and to check the framing for moisture before it dries.
Should the carpet, rugs and furniture be kept?
Carpet and pad that have taken street water often have to come out, because silt and moisture stay in the pad. Rugs can sometimes be cleaned and dried, and solid wood furniture can often be dried in place. Upholstery, cardboard and particleboard that were in the water are usually removed, and the crew records each item.
The street water that reaches a room carries silt that does not wash out of a pad. Even when the carpet looks clean, the pad can keep the silt and the smell. The crew checks the carpet and its backing, and it lifts a corner where needed to see how far the moisture went into the pad.
Furniture that is solid wood can be dried in place if the water was shallow and it has been raised off the floor. The homeowner can keep it, provided the crew's readings show the wood has come back to a normal moisture level. Drawers and doors are opened so that the crew can check inside them.
What happens to a garage or storage room after street flooding?
A garage or storage room that takes street water loses the items on the floor first, then the lower shelves and the slab edge. The crew removes what cannot be dried, checks any water heater or freezer before use and reads the wall at the slab line. The room is dried before anything is put back.
Stored boxes, paper and cardboard that were in contact with the water cannot be saved, and they are removed and recorded. Tools and metal items are cleaned and dried, and the crew notes any rust or staining that the water caused, so the homeowner has a record of it.
Equipment in a garage, such as a water heater, freezer or pump, is left unused until a qualified person has checked it. The crew tells the homeowner which items it has shut off, and it does not restart them itself.
What should the homeowner do after the water has gone?
Keep the doors and windows closed when the drying equipment needs it, leave the room clear of wet items and photograph everything before it is moved. Do not run the air conditioning or the fans unless the crew asks you to, because they can spread the moisture. Call the line if a new water line or a new smell appears.
Photographs taken right after the water drops are the best record of the loss. Take a wide shot of each room, a close shot of the silt line and a shot of each item before it is removed. Write the date on the photographs and keep them with any receipts.
The crew will explain when each step is done. Do not assume a room is dry because the surface is dry. Ask for the readings on each return visit and keep a copy of the final reading record, because that is what shows the room was dried to the target.